INFLUENCE OF CONTROLLED RISK FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY IN UKRAINE AND WORLDWIDE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2022.4.13675Keywords:
behavioral risk factors, occupational risk factors, environmental risk factors, metabolic risk factors, oncological pathologyAbstract
Purpose: to conduct a comparative assessment in the total burden of deaths of the main risks of the global burden of cancer.
Materials and Methods. The research used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, the national cancer registry of Ukraine. The methods of comparative analysis, system approach and system analysis, bibliosemantic and medical-statistical methods were used.
Results. According to GBD 2019, among the causes of death for men in the world and in Ukraine, the most common were: cancer of the trachea, bronchi and lungs, cancer of the colon and rectum, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer. Among women, the highest mortality both in the world and in Ukraine is mortality from breast cancer. Cancers of the trachea, bronchus and lungs, colon and rectal cancer, stomach cancer and cervical cancer are the next most common in the world in terms of the number of deaths in women. When compared with the world level, the mortality from the listed forms of cancer in Ukraine in men and women, except for the mortality from colon and rectal cancer, is lower. At the same time, there is also an increase in mortality from the specified nosologies from 2015 to 2019. Higher indicators of the attributive risk of death in most nosological forms of cancer among the population of Ukraine (cancer of the bronchi, trachea and lungs, cancer of the larynx, pharynx, lips and esophagus) were revealed. Environmental and professional factors in Ukraine do not prevail over indicators of influence at the global level, and among some nosologies of oncology, they are determined to be lower, in particular, cancer of the bronchi, trachea and lungs, and cancer of the larynx. In Ukraine, metabolic factors, in contrast to world trends, prevail among the mortality risks of liver, esophagus, uterus, and kidney cancer patients.
Conclusions. During the period of 2015–2019, in Ukraine and the world, there is an increase in the share of deaths from the most common forms of cancer. Controlled risk factors for the development of oncological pathology have high indicators of attributive risk. Among them, behavioral factors have the most pronounced influence both in the whole world and in Ukraine.
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