CONSIDERATION OF CAREER ASPIRATIONS AND OTHER MEDICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS TO INCREASE MEDICAL STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN PUBLIC HEALTH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2019.2.10484Keywords:
higher education, undergraduate health students, Public health, Career orientationAbstract
Purpose: to study the career orientations of medical students and the factors that impact them to identify ways to increase the interest of future physicians in Public health.
Materials and Methods. A sociological and psycho diagnostic examination was conducted among 163 medical students of 1–6 years of study at the State Institution “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” using the methods: “Career anchors” Schein E. H. in adaptation Zhdanovich A. A.; multivariate empathy questionnaire M. Davis (1983) in adaptation Karyagina T. D. and Kuhtova N. V. (2016) and the WHO QOL-8 methodology. The confidentiality of the information was protected by the depersonification of student IDs. Statistical analysis including descriptive and analytical statistics was performed using STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., serial № AGAR909E415822FA).
Results. The study found that half of the respondents take care of their career planning issues and their proportion increases with age and course of training.
Among the career orientations of medical students, the focus is on integrating lifestyles – a way of life that harmoniously combines the interests of the family, career and self-development (24.5 %), stability in the workplace (23.9 %) and service for the benefit of the people (22.7 %). One-third of those surveyed had orientation on vertical or horizontal career. There were no differences in career ambitions by age and gender.
One of the factors that impact career ambitions is the empathy of the students and their quality of life, which in turn has a definition mainly by the environment. Most of the respondents rated their QOL as average and good (78.8 %), to a lesser extent students were satisfied with social relationships (49.1 % positive evaluations). The proportion of students with an above-average level of empathy is 43.6 % for the cognitive component and 41.7 % for the emotional component. Multiple correlations were found between empathic characteristics, quality of life, students’ career anchors, and other factors.
Conclusions. During the educational process, in higher medical schools it is advisable to introduce approaches to increase awareness and involvement of students in Public health. This requires active learning strategies, such as special interest groups (sections), text and photo essays, concurrent training for students in both the Medical Doctor and Master of Public Health programs.
References
Zhdanovich, A.A. (2007). Readaptatsiya oprosnika “Karyernye orientatsii” i ego standartizatsiya na studencheskoy vyborke [Re-adaptation of the career orientation questionnaire and its standardization in the student sample]. Psihologicheskiy zhurnal – Psychological Journal, 4. Retrieved from: http://elibrary.miu.by/journals!/item.pj/issue.16/article.1.html [in Russian].
Karyagina, T.D., & Kuhtova, N.V. (2016) Test empatii M. Devisa: soderzhatelnaya validnost i adaptatsiya v mezhkulturnom kontekste [M. Davis Empathy test: content validity and adaptation in cross-cultural context]. Konsultativnaya psihologiya i psihoterapiya – Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24 (4), 33-61 doi: 10.17759/cpp20162404003 [in Russian].
Kryachkova, L.V. (2016). Puti obespecheniya otzyvchyvosti systemy zdravookhraneniya k trebovanniyam, predyavlyaemym naselenyem (na primere Ukrainy) [Ways to providing system of health system’s responsiveness to population requirements (for example of Ukraine)]. Medyczne zeszyty naukowe. Uczelni Warszawskiej im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie, 1 (5), 137-157.
Lekhan, V.M., Kriachkova, L.V., Borvinko, E.V., & Kolesnyk, V.I. (2017). Perspektyvy pidhotovky kerivnykh medychnykh kadriv dlia zabezpechennia diialnosti hromadskoi okhorony zdorovia [Perspectives of training public health physician leader and manager]. Visnyk problem biolohii i medytsyny – Bulletin of Problems of Biology and Medicine, 2, 323-327. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua. [in Ukrainian].
Caron, R.M. (2016). The educated citizen and global public-health issues: One model for integration into the undergraduate curriculum. Frontiers in Public Health, 4, 35. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00035
Davis, M.H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10, 85. Retrieved from: www.sjdm.org/dmidi/files/Davis_(1980)_IRI.doc.
Dundas, K.J., Hansen, V., Outram, S., & James, E. L. (2017). A “Light Bulb Moment” in understanding public health for undergraduate students: Evaluation of the experiential “This is public health” Photo Essay Task. Frontiers in Public Health, 5, 116. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00116
Louw, A., Turner, A., & Wolvaardt, L. (2018). A case study of the use of a special interest group to enhance interest in public health among undergraduate health science students. Public Health Reviews, 39, 11. doi:10.1186/s40985-018-0089-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-018-0089-4
Power, M. (2003). Development of a common instrument for quality of life. EUROHIS: Developing Common Instruments for Health Surveys, 57, 145-159. Retrieved from: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/101193/WA9502003EU.pdf#page=149.
Rabbani, F., Shipton, L., White, F., Nuwayhid, I., London, L., Ghaffar, A., … & Abbas, F. (2016). Schools of public health in low and middle-income countries: an imperative investment for improving the health of populations? BMC Public Health, 16, 941. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3616-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3616-6
Wang, J., Zhao, Q., Liu, T., An, M., & Pan, Z. (2019). Career orientation and its impact factors of general practitioners in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 9 (3), e021980. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021980. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021980
Zweigenthal, V., Pick, W.M., & London, L. (2018). Motivations of South African physicians specialising in public health. Global Health Action, 11 (1), 1475039. doi:10.1080/16549716.2018.1475039. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1475039
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the journal right of first publication of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the work published with reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of this magazine.
2. Authors are entitled to enter into a separate agreement on additional non-exclusive distribution of work in the form in which it was published in the magazine (eg work place in the electronic repository institution or publish monographs in part), provided that the reference to the first publication of this magazine.
3. Policy magazine allows and encourages authors placement on the Internet (eg, in storage facilities or on personal websites) manuscript of how to submit the manuscript to the editor and during his editorial processing, since it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positive impact on the efficiency and dynamics of citing published work (see. The Effect of Open Access).
