Influence of mesenchymal stromal cells of different origins on behavioural reactions of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61751/bmbr/2.2024.16Keywords:
stem cells, ischemia-reperfusion, adaptive behaviour, emotional activity, open field testAbstract
A new direction in cell therapy for ischemic stroke has been the use of mesenchymal stromal cells, which
have shown a positive impact on functional changes in the central nervous system due to their neuroprotective
effects, reduction of ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury, inhibition of ischemia-reperfusion-induced apoptosis, and
restoration of motor function. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells of different
origins, their lysate, and citicoline on the functional state of the central nervous system in rats with experimental brain
ischemia-reperfusion. The study considered the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from human umbilical cord
Wharton’s jelly, human and rat adipose tissue, rat embryonic fibroblasts, as well as mesenchymal stromal cell lysate and
citicoline on the emotional and behavioural responses of sexually mature Wistar rats (3-4 months) weighing 160-190 g.
The behavioural responses of rats were studied using the open field test on the 7th and 14th days of the experiment; the
following behavioural acts were recorded: ambulation (locomotion), climbing, rearing, and grooming. The significance
of differences was determined using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. It was established that after ischemiareperfusion, animals with control pathology showed a significant decrease in the duration of episodes of ambulation
in peripheral and central squares, vertical locomotor activity, and exploratory activity compared to the sham-operated
group. In rats that received citicoline and transplanted human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal
cells, a significant increase in the duration of episodes of horizontal locomotor activity was observed compared to other
types of stem cells and the control. Intravenous administration of rat embryonic fibroblasts increased the emotional
activity of the experimental animals. The least impact on locomotor and adaptive exploratory activity in rats with
ischemia-reperfusion was registered in groups of animals that received mesenchymal stromal cells from human and rat adipose tissue, as well as mesenchymal stromal cell lysate. The practical significance of the study lies in the search
for the most effective class of stem cells with neuroprotective properties for the creation of an injectable drug for
intravenous transplantation in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke
Received: 01.03.2024 | Revised: 03.05.2024 | Accepted: 28.05.2024
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