Епідеміологія синдрому полікістозних яєчників, ендометріозу та їх коморбідного перебігу
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2021.4.12662Ключові слова:
синдром полікістозних яєчників, ендометріоз, безпліддя, поширеністьАнотація
Резюме. Синдром полікістозних яєчників (СПКЯ) є найпоширенішим ендокринним розладом в осіб жіночої статі. Актуальність проблеми синдрому полікістозних яєчників, його коморбідного перебігу, вплив на фертильність, тактика ведення таких пацієнтів продовжує зростає, все більша кількість наукових праць спрямована на вивчення даної патології.
Мета дослідження – проаналізувати літературні дані щодо поширеності синдрому полікістосних яєчників, ендометріозу та їх коморбідного перебігу і вплив на розвиток безпліддя.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні опрацьовано наукові публікації за останнє десятиліття, а також публікації з високою цитованістю, які доступні у мережі «Internet», ключовими словами були: «синдром полікістозних яєчників», «ендометріоз», «коморбідність», «безпліддя».
Результати. Безпліддя вражає 40 % жінок із СПКЯ, що є найбільш поширеною причиною ановуляторного безпліддя. Приблизно 90–95 % жінок з ановуляцією, які звертаються в клініку, мають СПКЯ. Ендометріоз і СПКЯ супроводжуються зміною функціонування жіночої гіпоталамус-гіпофіз-гонади осі, але їх до цього часу не розглядають як патології, що пов'язані одна з одною. За даними наукових досліджень, СПКЯ та ендометріоз є захворюваннями, які часто зустрічаються у жінок репродуктивного віку. Обидва негативно впливають на народжуваність. Brincat et al. повідомили, що 10 % безплідної популяції мала ендометріоз і СПКЯ, що становить 48 % усіх пацієнток із СПКЯ. Щоб покращити успіх індукції овуляції, McGovern et al. обговорили важливість скринінгу інших причин безпліддя у жінок із СПКЯ, в тому числі ендометріозу.
Висновки. Враховуючи високу поширеність синдрому полікістозних яєчників, ендометріозу, а також їх коморбідного перебігу, виникає необхідність розуміння механізмів розвитку безпліддя у таких пацієнток, що дозволить обґрунтувати тактику лікування безпліддя, спричиненого даними захворюваннями.
Посилання
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