Epidemiological trends of salmonellosis in the cross-border regions of Ukraine and Poland (2014-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63341/bmbr/1.2025.69Keywords:
Salmonella serovars, incidence, epidemiological analysis, food productsAbstract
The epidemiology of salmonellosis, despite being extensively studied, remains a relevant public health concern. The aim of this research was to compare the incidence of salmonellosis in Poland and Ukraine at both the national level and within selected cross-border regions of the two countries during the period 2014-2023. The average annual incidence of salmonellosis over the 10-year period was 15.02 per 100,000 population in Ukraine, with 64,108 confirmed cases; in Poland, the incidence was 22.74 per 100,000, with 86,956 confirmed cases (p = 0.0025). In the crossborder regions, the number of confirmed cases and incidence rates (per 100,000) were as follows: Volyn – 1,879 cases /
18.02; Lviv – 3,305 cases/13.18; Lublin Voivodeship – 6,067 cases/27.62; and Podkarpackie – 7,869 cases/37.13 (p< 0.001). The study analysed trends in prevalence and the serological profiles of Salmonella detected in humans, food products, and other environmental sources. The dominant serotype during outbreaks and isolated cases in the Volyn and Lviv regions was S. enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis, accounting for 87.51 and 77.90% of cases, respectively. The Serovar S. Typhimurium was identified in 10.04% of cases in Volyn and in 18.08% in Lviv. The most common transmission vectors of Salmonella in the Volyn region were: eggs and egg products (29.51% of all Salmonella-positive items), meat and meat products (27.40%), prepared dishes (12.3%), and confectionery (11.0%). In the Lviv region, the most frequently contaminated items were: prepared dishes (27.12%), meat products (17.53%), confectionery (8.49%), and eggs and egg products (7.12%). The findings of this study may serve as a foundation for evidence-based epidemiological practices and support the development of coordinated actions to enhance epidemiological surveillance and control of salmonellosis both in cross-border regions and nationally in each country
Received: 28.10.2024 | Revised: 03.01.2025 | Accepted: 25.02.2025
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