Peculiarities of using qualitative methods of research in healthcare, especially in public health and nursing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2021.4.12472Keywords:
quality research methods, expert evaluation method, health care, public health, nursingAbstract
Summary. Qualitative methods in health care are effective scientific resources that present practical strategies and methods for using qualitative research and include the basic logic and justification of research results for making quality research decisions. The qualitative research methodology allows researchers to study social and behavioral issues related to public health and nursing that cannot be achieved by quantitative methods. Key aspects of the qualitative research methodology include the selection and description of the problem, the formulation of the main issue and areas of work, the recruitment of participants, and compliance with the correct process of data analysis and presentation of results for publication.
The aim of the study ‒ to consider the features of the use of various qualitative research methods in health care, in particular, in public health and in nursing.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of available information resources of the Internet, foreign professional publications, and medical database MEDLINE/PubMed for the last five years is carried out. The method of information search and analytical-comparative method is applied.
Results. Qualitative research is indispensable in some areas, as it provides an opportunity to determine the significance of the disease for patients and its impact on their quality of life. They are also often richer in terms of knowledge of social and personal experiences. Despite certain shortcomings of qualitative research, they are unique and allow solving scientific problems in health care, in particular, in public health and in nursing, which cannot be solved by using methods of quantitative research.
Conclusions. Qualitative research is playing an important role in medicine, public health and nursing and is becoming increasingly important. Qualitative research in the field of nursing mainly concerns the life experience of patients and nurses. To acquire professional competencies, it is advisable to use better research methods in the educational process in the training of health professionals, including masters of public health and nursing.
References
Alfieri E, Alebbi A, Bedini MG, Boni L, Foà C.Mapping the nursing competences in neonatology: a qualitative research. Acta Biomed. 2017;88(3S): 51-8. DOI: 10.23750/abm.v88i3-S.6614.
Holmes T, Vifladt A, Ballangrud R. A qualitative study of how inter-professional teamwork influences perioperative nursing. Nurs Open. 2019;7(2): 571-80. DOI: 10.1002/nop2.422.
Mykhalovskiy E, Eakin J, Beagan B, Beausoleil N, Gibson BE, Macdonald ME, Rock MJ. Beyond bare bones: critical, theoretically engaged qualitative research in public health. Can J Public Health. 2018;109(5-6): 613-21.
Shorten A, Smith J. Mixed methods research: expanding the evidence base. Evid Based Nurs. 2017;20(3): 74-5. DOI: 10.1136/eb-2017-102699.
Cristancho SM, Goldszmidt M, Lingard L, Watling C. Qualitative research essentials for medical education. Singapore Med J. 2018; 59(12): 622-7. DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2018093.
Sawatsky AP, Ratelle JT, Beckman TJ. Qualitative research methods in medical education. Anesthesiology. 2019;131(1): 14-22. DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002728.
Baixinho CL, Presado MH, Ribeiro J. Qualitative research and the transformation of public health. Cien Saude Colet. 2019;30;24(5): 1582.
Miller WR. Qualitative research findings as evidence: utility in nursing practice. Clin Nurse Spec. 2010;24(4): 191-3. DOI: 10.1097/NUR.0b013e3181e36087.
Parnell JM, Robinson JC. Social network analysis: Presenting an underused method for nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 2018;74(6): 1310-8. DOI: 10.1111/jan.13541.
Lacerda MR, Labronici LM. Social role and paradigms of qualitative nursing research. Rev Bras Enferm. 2011;64(2): 359-64. DOI: 10.1590/s0034-71672011000200022.
Mathieson A, Grande G, Luker K. Strategies, facilitators and barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice in community nursing: a systematic mixed-studies review and qualitative synthesis. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2019; 20: e6. DOI: 10.1017/S1463423618000488.
Oliveira RB, Sparapani Vde C, Scochi CG, Nascimento LC, Lima RA. The interview in qualitative research of pediatric nursing. Rev Bras Enferm. 2010;63(2): 300-6. DOI: 10.1590/s0034-71672010000200020.
Arreciado Marañón A, Isla Pera MP. Theory and practice in the construction of professional identity in nursing students: a qualitative study. Nurse Educ Today. 2015;35(7): 859-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.014.
Squires A. Language barriers and qualitative nursing research: methodological considerations. Int Nurs Rev. 2008;55(3): 265-73. DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00652.x.
Nyirenda L, Kumar MB, Theobald S, Sarker M, Simwinga M, Kumwenda M, Johnson C, Hatzold K, Corbett EL, Sibanda E, Taegtmeyer M. Using research networks to generate trustworthy qualitative public health research findings from multiple contexts. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2020;20(1): 13.
Debout C. Qualitative case study. Soins. 2016;(806): 57-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2016.04.018.
Grossoehme DH. Overview of qualitative research. J Health Care Chaplain. 2014;20(3): 109-22. DOI: 10.1080/08854726.2014.925660.
Tong A, Flemming K, McInnes E, Oliver S, Craig J. Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012;12: 181. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-181.
O'Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9): 1245-51. DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000388.
Rieger KL. Discriminating among grounded theory approaches. Nurs Inq. 2019;26(1): e12261. DOI: 10.1111/nin.12261.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bulletin of Medical and Biological Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
