DYNAMICS OF ACTIVITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN SMALL INTESTINE TISSUES UNDER CONDITIONS OF LIMB ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION, ACUTE BLOOD LOSS AND THEIR CORRECTION

Abstract

Summary. The share of gunshot wounds in the structure of modern war and peacetime injuries has significantly increased, which is often accompanied by massive external blood loss. Applying a tourniquet under these conditions is considered the only way to escape on the battlefield. Acute blood loss and ischemia-reperfusion of the limb stimulate the activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the internal organs. However, violations of free radical processes in the wall of the small intestine under these conditions are insufficiently studied.

The aim of the study – to determine the dynamics of the activity of LPO processes in the tissues of the small intestine under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, acute blood loss, and to evaluate the effectiveness of carbacetam in the correction of identified disorders.

Materials and Methods. The experiments were performed on 108 nonlinear male rats weighing 200–220 g.  All animals were divided into five groups: control and four experimental. Under thiopental-sodium anesthesia in the first experimental group was simulated ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, in the second – acute blood loss, in the third – these injuries were combined. In the fourth experimental group, animals with acute blood loss and ischemia-reperfusion of the limb were intraperitoneally administered carbacetam at a dose of 5 mg per kilogram of animal weight. After 1 and 2 hours, as well as after 1, 7 and 14 days, the content of diene conjugates and thiobarbituric acid reagents in the small intestine homogenate was determined.

Results and Discussion. Under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb and acute blood loss, the processes of lipid peroxidation in the wall of the small intestine are intensified with a maximum after 1 day of the experiment. Under the conditions of modeling only ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, the content of primary and secondary products of LPO up to 14 days of the experiment is normalized, then under the influence of blood loss, the figure up to 14 days remained significantly higher than the control. The combination of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb and acute blood loss from 2 hours of the experiment is accompanied by a greater accumulation of LPO products, which up to 14 days are statistically significantly higher than other experimental groups. Carbacetam is accompanied by a positive antioxidant effect, which when used for seven days was accompanied by a significant reduction in the content of primary and secondary products of LPO in the small intestinal wall, which indicates the viability of this drug in simulated pathology as a means of reducing multiple dysfunction.

Conclusions. Simulation of limb ischemia-reperfusion on the background of acute blood loss is accompanied by the summation of the prooxidant effect of both pathological interventions and causes a statistically significant increase in the content of DC and TBA-active products of LPO active products in the small intestinal wall starting from the second hour of  experiment. The use of carbacetam compared to animals without correction after 7 days of the reperfusion period causes a significant decrease in the activity of the POL in the wall of the small intestine.