MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE NEUROCYTES OF THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX IN DYNAMICS UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY

Abstract

Summary. Thermal injury as a stress factor of exogenous origin, in which the development of multiple organ failure and dysfunction of organs and systems of the body occur. The nervous system is one of the first to perceive and respond to pain impulses. It is important to reorganize all the structural components of the microcirculatory tract and neurons as a result of endogenous intoxication, which develops during thermal trauma. The target of lesions is the cerebellum, as a multifunctional organ of the central nervous system.

The aim of the study – to establish the microscopic reorganization of neurocytes of the cerebellar cortex in the dynamics under conditions of experimental thermal trauma to the skin.

Materials and Methods. The experimental study was performed on 24 adult white male rats weighing 180–200 g. Simulation of third-degree burns was performed with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97–100º on the epilated surface of the skin of animal bodies under thiopental sodium. The size of the affected areas was 18–20 %  of the body of rats. Collection of material for microscopic examination was performed in accordance with generally accepted methods. Histological sections obtained on a sled microtome 5–6 μm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue by the method of Nissl. Semi-thin sections made on an ultramicrotome LKB-3 were stained with methylene blue. The micropreparations were studied using a MICROmed SEO SCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with a histological image output system.

Results. Microscopic studies have shown an interdependence between the duration of the experiment and abnormalities in the structural components of neurons in all layers of the cerebellar cortex. In the early stages of the experiment there are reactive changes, which are adaptive-compensatory in nature with initial destructive damage. On day 14, and especially after 21 days, polymorphism is observed, significant cell degeneration, manifested by pycnosis of the nuclei, the development of intra- and pericellular edema in neurons of the granular, ganglionic and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex.

Conclusions. It is established that under the conditions of experimental thermal trauma there is a reorganization of neurocytes of the cerebellar cortex. On day 1 and 7 of the experiment there is a change in the shape of the perikaryons of neurons, hyperchromia of the nuclei, intracellular edema. In the long term there is an increase in destructive-degenerative changes, manifested by vacuolation of the cytoplasm, compaction of nuclei and their pyknosis, the predominance of hyperchromic and sharply hyperchromic Purkinje cells, significant disorganization and violation of the regular localization of neurons in all layers of the cerebellar cortex.