THE INFLUENCE OF MYOGENIC STEM CELLS ON INFLAMMATORY PROCESS AMONG RATS WITH ACUTE PERIODONTITIS

Abstract

Summary. Periodontal protection is one of the current problems in modern dentistry and in frequency takes second place after caries. The current level of knowledge allows us to consider the etiopathogenesis that causes periodontitis as a multifactorial model, which includes microbial invasion (bacterial periodontopathogens), inadequate protective response of the immune system or its absence, which causes negative factors of the oral cavity.

The aim of the study – investigation of the effect of stem cells during oxygenation processes under circumstances of experimental periodontitis.

Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on white outbred male rats weighing 180–200 g. Periodontitis was caused by the introduction of lipopolysaccharide into the gum tissue at 40 microliters (1 mg/ml) every other day for 14 days. On days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after the last LPS injection, the rats were decapitated under thiopental anesthesia (50 mg/kg). Material from intact animals served as control.

Results. MSCs were obtained from pregnant females, approximately on the 21–24th day of pregnancy. An enzymatic method was used to obtain viable MSCs. The cultivation was carried out in a CO₂ incubator at a temperature of 37 ° C and a CO₂ concentration of 5 %.  Stem cells were injected into the gum of rats with a single injection at the rate of 1 million cells per 1 kg of body weight. To maximize the preservation of cell viability, MSCs were injected within 30 min after the suspension was obtained. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by flow cytometry. The level of lipid hydroperoxides (HPL), the content of TBA-active products (TBP) and Schiff's bases (SB) were determined by standard spectrophotometric methods. The functional activity of neutrophils was assessed by using a spontaneous NBT test (sNBT test). The reserve index (RI) was also calculated using the iNBT/sNBT formula, as well as the coefficient of metabolic activation of neutrophils (K_akt) by the formula: iNBT – sNBT/iNBT. The obtained digital data were processed by the method of variation statistics. The significance of differences in the compared parameters between different samples was determined by using the Student's t-test (with a normal distribution of results) or Mann-Whitney (in the case of a distribution that was not normal).

Conclusions. It was found that the use of myogenic stem cells for the correction of acute periodontitis leads to a decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation, helps to reduce signs of inflammation in the periodontium. The inflammatory process, which occurs in the periodontium of rats under conditions of correction, is characterized by lower indices of sNBT-test and iNBT-test in comparison with animals that did not undergo correction. A decrease in metabolic and oxidative processes in the lesion focus in hypothyroidism is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of oxidative processes, which leads to a decrease in the intensity of tissue damage in rats with acute periodontitis.