INFLUENCE OF ACUTE BLOOD LOSS AND ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION OF THE LIMBS ON THE GENERATION OF ACTIVE FORMS OF OXYGEN BY LEUKOCYTES OF BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE

Abstract

Summary. Acute blood loss is one of the key causes of death from gunshot wounds. An effective method of stopping bleeding at the scene is the use of a tourniquet with a maximum limb ischemia of 2 hours. It was established that in the reperfusion period the systemic disturbances in an organism caused by massive blood loss deepen. However, changes in the lungs were not studied enough.

The aim of the study – to determine the effect of experimental acute blood loss complicated by ischemia-reperfusion of the limb on the generation of reactive oxygen species by leukocytes of the bronchoalveolar lavage.

Materials and Methods. The study was performed on 216 white nonlinear male rats weighing 200–220 g. All experiments were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia. In animals, limb ischemia-reperfusion and acute blood loss were simulated and these lesions were combined. In a separate group, the detected disorders were corrected with carbacetam. After 1 and 2 hours, as well as after 1, 7 and 14 days in experimental animals, the level of reactive oxygen species in the population of leukocytes of bronchoalveolar lavage was determined.

Results. Under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, acute blood loss and their combination in the bronchoalveolar lavage increases the number of leukocytes that generate reactive oxygen species. Simulation of limb ischemia-reperfusion only is accompanied by minimal disturbances with a maximum after 2 h of the experiment, which are normalized by 14 days. After modeling acute blood loss and its combination with ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, the rate increases in waves with two periods of increase – after 1 day and 14 days of the experiment. Violations are significantly greater after simultaneous simulation of acute blood loss and ischemia-reperfusion of the limb. The use of carbacetam under these conditions eliminates the identified violations in all experimental groups.

Conclusions. Under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, acute blood loss and their combination in the bronchoalveolar lavage increases the number of leukocytes that generate AFO. Due to the simultaneous simulation of acute blood loss and ischemia-reperfusion, limb disorders are greater. The use of carbacetam after 7–14 days reduces the intensity of the formation of reactive oxygen species by leukocytes of the bronchoalveolar lavage in all experimental groups, which indicates the prospects of the tool for the correction of detected disorders.