THE AUTOPHAGY INFLUENCE ON SUBMICROSCOPIC LIVER RESTRUCTURING IN THE DYNAMICS OF NUTRIENT DEPRIVATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2020.3.11279Keywords:
rats, nutrient deprivation, electron microscopy, liver, autophagyAbstract
Summary. Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal degradation and recycling of the proteins and organelles to maintain cellular and energy homeostasis.
The aim of the study – to find the features of autophagy influence on the submicroscopic liver restructuring in the dynamics of complete starvation (nutrient deprivation).
Materials and Methods. The experimental study was performed on 30 white non-pedigree laboratory rats three months of age weighing 180–200 g. Animals were removed from the experiment after 1, 3, and 7 days of complete starvation with free access to water, and after 7 days of restorative nutrition. The control group consisted of 6 rats. Standard methods were used to perform an ultramicroscopic examination of rat liver tissue.
Results. Complete starvation in experimental animals causes adaptive hepatocytes restructuring, the severity of which depends on the duration of the experiment. In the first three days of the nutrient deprivation, there are dystrophic changes in hepatocytes with a pronounced lesion heterogeneity of the lobe and separate hepatocytes. The dominant structural feature of complete starvation was a sharply increased autophagy with a reduction of tubules of granular endoplasmic reticulum and hyperplasia of agranular one, increased lysosomes, peroxisomes, autophagosomes without glycogen granules in hepatocytes. During complete starvation, reparation activation prevails over dystrophic processes. On the 7th day of the restored diet, there is complete restitution of the liver while maintaining the high functional activity of Kupffer cells.
Conclusions. The absence of macronutrients highly effectively induces autophagy, which plays a leading role in the structural and functional restructuring of hepatocytes in the dynamics of complete starvation, which is manifested by a period of early morphological changes, pronounced structural restructuring, stable adaptation and restitution.
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