THIAMINE DEFICIENCY IN EXTREMELY PREMATURE NEWBORNS

Authors

  • H. O. Ushakova OLES HONCHAR DNIPRO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
  • O. Z. Brazaluk DNIPROPETROVSK MEDICAL ACADEMY
  • O. Yu. Yevstafieva DNIPROPETROVSK MEDICAL ACADEMY

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2019.v.i2.10289

Keywords:

hypoxia, premature newborns, lactate, pyruvate, vitamin B1

Abstract

Introduction. The critical state of extremely premature newborns is accompanied by significant oxidative stress, which leads to an increase in anaerobic metabolism; impaired oxygen utilization in mitochondrial oxidation may occur due to thiamine deficiency.

The aim of the study – to learn the thiamine status of extremely premature new-borns in the neonatal period follow-up.

Research Methods. The study involved 55 of premature newborns with birth weight less than 1000 g and 35 healthy full-term newborns. The indicated children’s blood tests were made in the first day of life and at the end of the neonatal period. The lactate and magnesium were determined by colorimetric method; the pyruvate content was determined enzymatically; the concentration of vitamin B1 was studied using a fluorimeter.

Results and Discussion. In the first days of life, all premature infants have a significantly lower level of thiamine in the blood than the normal one, with the low limit of the norm of mature infants, due to the greatest intensity of adaptive reactions and the redistribution of nutrients in fasting. The deficiency of thiamine of extremely premature infants is accompanied by hypomagnesemia. The defining factor of thiamine deficiency of premature infants is morphofunctional immaturity. Deficiency of thiamine of premature infants is correlated with hyperlactatemia throughout the neonatal period. The metabolic features of an organism of a newborn with an extremely low birth weight reflect hypoxic disturbances (increased lactate and pyruvate level, changes in their ratio), which indicates the activation of glycolysis. The highest level of pyruvate was observed in premature infants in the first day of life and significantly exceeded the reference values with subsequent decrease during the first month of life, but remained beyond the norm, resulting in the development of secondary acidosis and persistent decrease in aerobic metabolism. Thiamine deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of suppression of the pyruvate-dehydrogenase complex, bypassing pyruvate towards lactate overproduction and the development of metabolic acidosis.

Conclusion. Deficiency of thiamine in premature newborns may lead to a deeper critical condition.

References

Aleksandrovich, Yu.S., & Pshenisnov, K.V. (2013). Intensivnaya terapiya novorozhdennykh [Intensive thera­py of newborns]. Saint-Petersburg, N-L Publ. [in Russian].

Volodin, N.N. (Ed.). (2008). Neonatologiya. Natsionalnoye rukovodstvo. [Neonatology. National Guidelines]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media [in Russian].

Saugstad, O.D., Sejersted, Y., & Solberg, R. (2012). Oxygenation of the newborn: a molecular approach. Neonatology, 101 (4), 315-325.

Clark, R.H., Thomas, P., & Peabody, J. (2003). Extrauterine growth restriction remains a serious problem in prematurely born neonates. Pediatrics, 111, 986-990.

Lima, L.F., Leite, H.P., & Taddei, J.A. (2011). Low blood thiamine concentrations in children upon admission to the intensive care unit: risk factors and prognostic significance. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 93, 57-61.

Gubler, C.J. (1991). Thiamine. In: Handbook of Vi­tamins. Machlin, L.J. (Ed.). New York, Marcel Dekke Publ.

Cruickshank, A.M., Telfer, A.B., & Shenkin, A. (1988). Thiamine deficiency in the critically ill. Intens. Care Med., 14, 384-387.

Lonsdale, D. (2006). A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamine and its derivatives. Evid. Based. Complement Alternat. Med., 3, 49-59.

Donnino, M.W., Camey, E., & Cocchi, M.N. (2010). Thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients with sepsis. J. Crit. Care, 25, 576-581.

Costa, N.A., Gut, A.L., & de Souza Dorna M. (2014). Serum thiamine concentration and oxidative stress as predictors of mortality in patients with septic shock. J. Crit. Care, 29, 249-252.

Lomivorotov, V.V., Deryagin, M.N., Аbuba­ki­rov, M.N., Fominskiy, E.V., & Nepomnyaschikh, V.А. (2017). Deficyt tiamina i ego lechenye v kriticheskikh sostoyaniyakh [Thiamine deficiency and its management in critical states]. Vestnik anesteziologii i reanimatologii – Messenger of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, 14 (5), 73-81 [in Russian].

Shabalov, N.P. (2006). Neonatologiya. [Neona­tology]. MEDpress-inform [in Russian].

Published

2019-07-10

How to Cite

Ushakova, H. O., Brazaluk, O. Z., & Yevstafieva, O. Y. (2019). THIAMINE DEFICIENCY IN EXTREMELY PREMATURE NEWBORNS. Medical and Clinical Chemistry, (2), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2019.v.i2.10289

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS