COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF GENERATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN THE BLOOD NEUTROPHILS’ POPULATION OF RATS OF DIFFERENT AGE AND SEX EXPOSED TO TOBACCO SMOKE IN A SETTING OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE USE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2023.i4.14375Keywords:
tobacco smoke, monosodium glutamate, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, ratsAbstract
Introduction. Tobacco smoking kills 1 in 10 people worldwide, and by 2030, tobacco smoking is expected to kill 1 in 6 people unless effective tobacco prevention measures are taken. Monosodium glutamate is used in most food technologies as a food additive, and its use is a virtually uncontrolled process. The real threat of simultaneous intake of tobacco smoke and monosodium glutamate into the body makes the study of their combined effects of particular relevance.
The aim of the study – to determine the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the blood neutrophil population of rats of different ages and sexes under the condition of “passive tobacco smoking” against the background of long-term administration of monosodium glutamate.
Research Methods. The experiments were carried out on 32 outbred mature white male rats with an initial weight of 180–200 g, 32 outbred mature white female rats with an initial weight of 180–200 g and 32 outbred immature white male rats with an initial weight of 60–80 g. Each group of animals was divided into 4 subgroups: first – control (n=8); second – rats for which “passive tobacco smoking” was modeled (n=8); third – rats that were injected with monosodium glutamate (n=8); fourth – rats who were modeled for “passive smoking” against the background of the administration of monosodium glutamate (n=8). The generation of ROS by blood neutrophils was determined using a fluorescence-blocked dye – dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate (Sigma Aldrich, USA) by flow laser cytometry on an Epics XL apparatus (Beckman Coulter, USA).
Results and Discussion. “Passive tobacco smoking” against the background of the use of monosodium glutamate in mature male rats is accompanied by an increase in the generation of ROS by blood neutrophils by 3.1 times (p<0.001) vs control group, which is 43.0 % (p<0.01) higher than this indicator under the condition of isolated exposure to tobacco smoke, and in mature female rats – 3.7 times (p<0.001) vs control group, which is 23.7% (p<0.02) higher than this index under the condition of isolated exposure to tobacco smoke. As for immature male rats, the intensity of ROS generation in blood neutrophils during “passive tobacco smoking” exceeds that of mature male rats by 66.6 %, and during “passive tobacco smoking” against the background of the use of sodium glutamate – by 84.8 %. Using univariate analysis, a statistically significant effect of age on the generation of ROS by neutrophils in the blood was established under the condition of “passive tobacco smoking” against the background of the use of monosodium glutamate and significant gender differences in the generation of ROS under the condition of the isolated influence of the studied factors.
Conclusions. During passive tobacco smoking, an intensification of the generation of ROS by blood neutrophils of rats was established, which was more pronounced when the influence of tobacco smoke and monosodium glutamate was combined. A gender comparison of changes in ROS generation revealed their significant predominance in female rats; an age-related comparison of changes in ROS generation revealed their significant predominance in immature animals.
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