CHANGES IN CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM AND LEPTIN CONTENT IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2022.i2.13204Keywords:
diabetic retinopathy, leptin, insulin-dependent diabetesAbstract
Introduction. The article presents changes in leptin and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with diabetic retinopathy. According to the literature, the content of leptin and other lipocytokines reflects the severity of metabolic syndrome, obesity and inflammation, which lead to the development of retinopathy. Hyperleptinemia was observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy, which is an unfavorable factor in the formation of vascular and proliferative retinal diseases.
The aim of the study – to identify changes content of leptin in the blood of patients with retinopathy in conditions of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Research Methods. A clinical and laboratory disease was performed in 130 patients with retinal diabetes mellitus (70 patients with insulin of group 1 and 60 with insulin of independent groups – group 2). The average age of the population is from 20 to 55 years. The obtained laboratory parameters were compared with the control group, which included 30 healthy individuals.
Results and Discussion. The stimulating effect of estrogen on adipose tissue metabolism in particular is manifested by higher levels of leptin in women than in men. The ratio of leptin content in women and men in the control group is 1.97 – "gender" indicator of leptin. Exceedance of the control level of leptin was found in both groups, especially in the group of insulin-dependent patients. A more pronounced imbalance in carbohydrate metabolism is observed in the group of insulin-dependent patients.
Conclusions. In diabetic retinopathy, insulin-dependent patients have been diagnosed with gender-independent hyperleptinemia. Discordant changes in carbohydrate metabolism in such patients are associated with a decrease in pancreatic reserves. Diabetic retinopathy in patients without insulin dependence revealed hyperleptinemia in women and normal leptin levels in men – a pronounced gender differentiation. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism are associated with some depletion of the insulin-secretory capacity of β-cells of the pancreas.
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