DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTAL SYNDROME IN RATS UNDER STREPTOZOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2021.i3.12579Keywords:
diabetic neuropathy, periodontium, proteinase-inhibitory balance, oxidative stressAbstract
Introduction. According to WHO estimates, in 2019, diabetes was the direct cause of 1.5 million deaths. According to the International Diabetes Federation, in 2011 the number of diabetics in the world reached a record figure – 366 million, and in 2030 will be 552 million. Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes and the cause of low quality of life, disability in a large number of patients. It is known that a complication of diabetes mellitus, which leads to the development of diabetic polyneuropathy is periodontal syndrome, the mechanisms of which are insufficiently studied.
The aim of the study – to detect the pathological changes in the periodontal tissues of rats under conditions of streptozocin-induced diabetic neuropathy.
Research Methods. Diabetic neuropathy by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (Streptozocin Sigma, USA) at a dose of 65 mg/kg was simulated in experimental animals. On day 30 of the experiment, a glucose tolerance test was performed. Confirmation of the development of diabetic neuropathy was evaluated by measuring the threshold of pain sensitivity using tenzoalgometric test Randall-Selitto. Total proteolytic activity, total antitryptic activity, content of TBA-active products, content of oxidatively modified proteins and catalase activity, content of free fucose and glycosaminoglycans were determined in periodontal soft tissues of rats.
Results and Discussion. As a result of studies, it was found that rats in which diabetic neuropathy was stimulated pain threshold increased significantly on all days of measurement compared with the control rats (100.1±3.4) %: on day 14 after streptozocin administration, the pain threshold increased by (22.4±8.4) % (p <0.05), and on day 28 – by (100.9±15.3) % (p <0.001). With the development of diabetic neuropathy in the periodontal tissues of rats, the content of free fucose and glycosaminoglycans increases compared to control animals. Activation of the general proteolytic activity against increases of proteinase inhibitors and activation of free radical processes with development of oxidative stress was observed.
Conclusions. Streptozocin-induced diabetic neuropathy leads to the development of periodontal syndrome in rats, as evidenced by the activation of proteolytic processes, the development of oxidative stress, increased catabolism of non-collagenous polymers of periodontal connective tissue.
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