GENETICS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS COMORBIDITY WITH OBESITY AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2020.i4.11748Keywords:
гени, ожиріння, хронічний панкреатит, коморбідністьAbstract
Introduction. Genes play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Researchers have proposed interactions between many genetic and environmental factors that contribute to development. Advances in genotyping and genetic information technology have facilitated the use of genome-related association research to identify T2DM susceptibility genes. Over the past decade, genome wide association studies (GWAS) using size selection have identified 144 genetic variants at 129 T2DM-associated loci.
When searching the literature on the common genetic background of T2DM and chronic pancreatitis (CP), it was found that the combination of T2DM + CP may be due to genetic variants of T2DM. The researchers found that people with T2DM + CP were more likely to be overweight or obese and had a family history of diabetes than those with CP who did not have diabetes. T2DM + CP exacerbates beta-cell dysfunction due to chronic inflammation and pancreatic fibrosis, which is likely to contribute to beta-cell death and the inability to compensate for insulin resistance, which exacerbates diabetes and pancreatitis. The genetic comparison of T2DM + CP and T2DM by SNPs associated with T2DM according to GWAS does not reflect the general role of genetics that could be expected from a whole genome sequence and a comprehensive analysis of all known genetic variants associated with complex pathobiology of pancreatic diseases/or diabetes.
The aim of the study – to analyze current literary sources about genetic markers that are involved in the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidity with obesity and chronic pancreatitis.
Conclusions. A large number of studies give reason to hope that in the future the study of the genetics of diabetes mellitus in terms of its comorbid course will develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic treatments, but now it is necessary to investigate in detail the role of polymorphisms of different genes, especially those disease, in susceptibility to comorbid type 2 diabetes.
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