STUDY OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN HERB AND UNDERGROUND ORGANS OF SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2020.i4.11743Keywords:
herb, underground organs, organic acids, HPLCAbstract
Introduction. Soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Caryophyllaceae family. Soapwort is distributed throughout Europe, North Africa and west to Central Asia, but is now also cultivated in many countries around the world. Saponaria officinalis L. has a high content of saponins, and also contains flavonoids, quailic acid, fatty acids and various phenolic compounds. In the literature, the antifungal activity of the saponin fraction of soapwort against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and Fusarium culmorum, and antimicrobial properties. Information on the chemical composition of primary metabolites, namely organic acids, in hetb and underground organs of Saponaria officinalis L. is not found in the available literature, although these substances are one of the important classes of natural compounds and have a wide range of biological and pharmacological action.
The aim of the study – to identify and quantify by HPLC the individual components of organic acids in the herb and rhizomes of soapwort.
Research methods. The content of organic acids was determined by HPLC on a liquid chromatograph Agilent 1200 (Agilent Technologies, USA).
Results and Discussion. The quantitative content of tartaric, pyruvic, isolimonic, succinic and fumaric acids was identified and established by HPLC in the herb of the soapwort, and pyruvic, isolimonic, citric, succinic and fumaric acids in the underground organs. Among the organic acids in the herb of soapwort, the dominant components were isolimonic and pyruvic acids, the content of which was 120.83 mg/g and 25.14 mg/g, respectively. Succinic acid (0.79 mg/g) was found in the largest amount in the underground organs of Saponaria officinalis L.
Conclusions. For the first time, the qualitative composition and quantitative content of organic acids in soapwort were studied by HPLC. It was found that the herb and underground organs of the studied plant contain tartaric, pyruvic, isolimonic, citric, fumaric and succinic acids. The dominant component among organic acids in the herb of soapwort was isolimonic acid, the content of which was 120.83 mg/g. Succinic acid (0.79 mg/g) predominated in the rhizomes of the study object. The obtained results indicate the prospects of further in-depth phytochemical studies of biologically active substances of soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.).
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