THE IMPACT OF H2S METABOLISM MODULATORS ON VISFATIN, ADIPONECTIN SERUM LEVELS AND LIPIDS SERUM SPECTRUM IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL OBESITY

Abstract

Introduction. Оbesity appears to be an important determinant for multimorbidity patterns with cardiovascular diseases among them. Adipose tissue produces a variety of adipokines with proinflammatory, proatherogenic, adipogenic properties but on the other hand possess antiatherogenic and cardioprotective activity. The role of certain adipokines, visfatin, in particular, in obesity comorbidity pathogenesis is quite controversial. Bioregulator, capable to perform cardioprotective effect, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is synthesized by heart, vessels, perivascular and visceral adipose tissue. H₂S and adipokines possible correlations remain unexplored and are interesting in under­standing.

The aim of the study – to establish the effect of different H₂S metabolism pathways modulators on visfatin, adiponectin serum levels and lipids serum spectrum in rats with experimental obesity.

Research methods. An experiment was carried out on 70 white non-linear male rats. Stages of the experiment complied with general bioethical principles (Strasburg,1986, Kyiv, 2001). Experimental obesity (EO) was inducted by high-calorie diet applying (4.33 kcal/g, 39.5 % of fats) during 10 weeks. Rats of the control group were fed by a standard diet (2.71 kcal/g, 10.8 % of fats). Over a time interval of 8–10-th weeks of the experimental rats with EO of 5 groups underwent an administration of H₂S metabolism modulators – propargylglycine (PPG, 50 mg/kg), NaHS (3 mg/kg), zinc sulfate (124 mg/kg), sodium thiosulfate (300 mg/kg), α-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg). Body mass index (BMI), obesity index (OI), H₂S, visfatin, adiponectin serum levels, lipid serum spectrum were measured. IBM Statistics SPSS 26 was applied for the data analysis. The significance of the differences was assessed by the Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results and Discussion. At the end of the 10-th experimental week BMI and IO elevating in rats fed by high-calorie diet was revealed (1,4-1,6-fold, р<0,001, comparing with the control). Obesity rats with PPG intake demonstrated more notable enhancement of somatometric parameters, while rats administered NaHS and cofactors of H₂S metabolism (α-lipoic acid, zinc sulfate, sodium thiosulfate) showed milder somatometric changes. Rats with EO manifested an increased visfatin serum level, but decreased adiponectin and H₂S serum levels with significant correlation to BMI and IO gain, proatherogenic lipid profile disorders. PPG deepened the severity of dysadipokinemia and dyslipidemia in animals with EO while NaHS and cofactors of H₂S metabolism provoked a decrease in visfatin level, elevation of adiponectin level, downplayed dyslipidemia. The greatest corrective effect was performed by either α-lipoic acid or zinc sulfate, less significant changes were caused by sodium thiosulfate. EO was associated with H₂S and visfatin levels reverse correlation and positive correlation with adiponectin level (r= -0,67 and 0,65, р<0,001).

Conclusions. H₂S is involved in adipokine serum level regulation in obesity. Endogenous H₂S elevated level is associated with dysadipokinemia and dyslipidemia level out, reducing of visceral obesity, whereas inhibition of H₂S synthesis aggravates mentioned metabolic disturbances and enchances adipogenesis. α-Lipoic acid and zinc sulfate provide the most pronounced corrective effect on H₂S and adipokine in obesity.