THE PROSPECT OF USING THE MUCUS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF SNAILS IN MEDICINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2020.4.11371Keywords:
mucin, mucus, snail, lyophilization, drug technologyAbstract
Summary. It has long been known about the therapeutic properties of the mucus of different species of snails. There is a growing interest in the world in the possibilities of using the mucus of snails of various species, in particular, Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller in medicine.
The aim of the study – to summarize the data of literature sources on the prospects of using snail mucus as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in the medical field and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Materials and Methods. Data from more than 50 sources were analyzed and summarized, of which 30 sources of modern foreign and domestic literature on the feasibility of using snail mucus in medicine, pharmacy and cosmetology were used in this review. The study examined scientific publications over the past decade, which are available on the Internet; the key words were mucin, mucus, snail, lyophilization, drug technology.
Results. Based on the presented literature data, it can be concluded that snail mucus is of great practical importance for various fields of medicine (dermatology, orthopedics, therapy), is widely used in drug technology as an active pharmaceutical ingredient and basis for transdermal therapeutic systems. The pharmacological activity of snail mucus is provided by an enriched chemical composition, as the active components are proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan (in particular, hyaluronic acid), glycoprotein enzymes, amino acids, peptides (copper, antimicrobial), vitamins (A, C, C, E, B) and trace elements (Na, Ca, K, Mg, P, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn), mucin, collagen, glycolic acid, elastin and allantoin. It is proved that snail mucus has antioxidant, antibacterial, regenerative, anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its use provides moisturizing, cleansing and protective effects.
Conclusions. Today, snail mucus is widely used in dermatology and cosmetology, which confirms the results of pharmacological studies. The use of mucus as a carrier base for the development of drugs, as well as an active pharmaceutical ingredient with a wide range of pharmacological action is relevant and promising.
References
Trapella C, Rizzo R, Gallo S, Alogna A, Bortolotti D, Casciano F, et al. HelixComplex snail mucus exhibits pro-survival, proliferaive and pro-migration effects on mammalian fibroblasts. Scientific reports. 2018;8(17665): 1-10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35816-3
Bonnemain B. Helix and drugs: snails for health care from Antiquity to these days. Rev Hist Pharm. 2003;51(338): 211-8.
Bouchet P, Rocroi JP. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia. 2005;47(1-2): 397.
Bonnemain B. Helix and drugs: snails for western health care from antiquity to these present. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005;2(1): 25-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh057
Jin A-H, Muttenthaler M, Dutertre S, Himaya SWA, Kaas Q, Craik DJ, et al. Conotoxins: Chemistry and Biology. Chem Rev. 2019;119(21): 11510-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00207
Alameda MT, Morel E, Parrado C, Conzales S, Juarranz A. Cryptomphalus aspersa Mollusc Egg Extract Promotes Regenerative Effects in Human Dermal Papilla Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(2): 463. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020463
https://www.istitutodielicicoltura.it/it/en/snail-slime
Greistorfer S, Klepal W, Cyran N, Gugumuck A, Rudoll L, Suppan J. et al. Snail mucus − glandular origin and composition in Helix pomatia. Zoology. 2017;122: 126-38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2017.05.001
Gillis GB. Snail trails. J Exper Biol. 2007; 210. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.001073
Gesheva V, Chausheva S, Stefanova N, Mihaylova N, Doumanova L, Idakieva K, et al. Helix pomatia hemocyanin – a novel bio-adjuvant for viral and bacterial antigens. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015;26(1): 162-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2015.03.011
Iglesias-de la Cruz MC, Sanz-Rodriguez F, Zamarron A, Reyes E, Carrasco E, Conzález S, et al. A secretion of the mollusc Cryptomphalus aspersa promotes proliferation, migration and survival of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in vitro. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2012;34(2): 183-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00699.x
Hrychenichenko YD, Markina YL The use of achatina in cosmetology. [Использование ахатин в косметологии] Available from: https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/api/file/viewByFileId/935488.pd. Russian.
Laneri S, Lorenzo RD, Sacchi A, Dina I. Dosage of bioactive molecules in the nutricosmeceutical helix aspersa muller mucus and formulation of new cosmetic cream with moisturizing effect. Nat Prod Commun. 2019; 1-7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X19868606
Harti AS, Sulisetyawati SD, Murharyati A., Oktaiani M. The effectiveness of snail slime and chitosan in wound healing. Int J Pharm Med and Biol Scienc. 2016;5(1): 76-80.
Thomas S. Medicinal use of terrestrial molluscs (slugs and snails) with particular reference to their role in the treatment of wounds and other skin lesions. Available from: http://www.worldwidewounds.com/2013/July/Thomas/slug-steve-thomas.html
Brieva A, Philips N, Tejedor R, Guerrero A, Pivel JP, Alonso-Lebrero JL, et al. Molecular basis for the regenerative properties of a secretion of the mollusk Cryptomphalus aspersa. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2008;21(1): 15-22. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1159/000109084.
Osoba IY. [Features of functioning of system of antioxidant protection of an organism]. Nauka rybnoho hospodarstva Ukrainy. 2009;1: 133-9. Ukrainian.
Muleta Andrade PH, Rondon ES, Carollo CA, Rodrigues Macedo ML, Viana LH, Schiaveto de Souza A, et al. Effect of powdered shells of the snail megalobulimus lopesi on secondary-intention wound healing in an animal model. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2015; 9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/120785.
https://sciencediscoveries.degruyter.com/snail-slug-slime-alternative-conventional-antibiotics
Zhong J, Wang W, Yang X, Yan X, Liu R. A novel cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from the mucus of the snail of Achatina fulica. Peptides. 2013;39: 1-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2012.09.001
Herluinus Mafranenda DN, Kriswandini IL, Arijani ER. Antimicrobial proteins of Snail mucus (Achatina fulica) against Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Dental Journal. 2014;47(1): 31-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i1.p31-36.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/900869.stm.
https://www.lvrach.ru/2036/partners/15437139.
Sergysels R, Art G. A double-masked, placebo-controlled polysomnographic study of the antitussive effects of helicidine. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2001;62: 35-47.
El Ouar I, Braicu C, Naimi D, Irimie A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Effect of Helix aspersa extract on TNFα, NF-κB and some tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer cell line Hs578T. Pharmacogn Mag. 2017;13(50): 281-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.204618
Valluru M, Staton CA, Reed MWR, Brown NJ. Transforming growth factor-β and endoglin signaling orchestrate wound healing. Front Physiol. 2011;2: 89. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2011.00089.
Antonova OS, Yossifova L, Staneva R, Stevanovic S, Dolashka P, Toncheva D. Changes in the gene expression profile of the bladder cancer cell lines after treatment with Helix lucorum and Rapana venosa hemocyanin. J BUON. 2015;20(1): 180-7.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/ 191104112830.htm.
Yaksh TL, Annelies de Kater, Dean R, Best BM, Miljanich GP. Pharmacokinetic analysis of ziconotide (SNX-111), an intrathecal N-type calcium channel blocking analgesic, delivered by bolus and infusion in the dog. Neuromodulation. 2012;15(6): 508-19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00479.x
Kim P. The use of ziconotide in private practice. Available from: https://www.asra.com/asra-news/article/152/the-use-of-ziconotide-in-private-practic.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Bulletin of Medical and Biological Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
