MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS WITH CHRONIC ENTROCOLITIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETES

Abstract

The aim of the work. To determine the morphometric changes of the wall of the small intestine of animals with streptozotocin diabetes (STD), chronic enterocolitis (CEC) and their combination.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 120 white non-linear male rats complied with the principles of the European Convention for the Protection of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin to animals (Sigma Aldrich, USA, at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight). Chronic enterocolitis was reproduced by free animal access to 1.0 % solution of carrageenan in drinking water for 1 month.

Results and Discussion. According to the results of micro­morpho­metry, an important indicator of dystrophic mucosal changes in rats with STD was a significant increase of the proportion of damaged epitheliocytes vs. control value (4.47±0.34) % to (16.00±0.59) %. In СEC, there were manifestations of dystrophy and atrophy, although less pronounced than in experimental hyperglycemia: the number of villi decreased by 7.23 %, crypts – increased by 12.84 %, the proportion of affected epithelial cells increased by 7.83 %. The most pronounced pathological changes were registered in rats with СEC + STD: the mucous membrane was decreased by 12.49 %, the number of villi significantly decreased too (by 44.03 %), the proportion of damaged epitheliocytes reached (23.63±0.79) %, increasing by 19.17 % vs. control.

Conclusions. Structural changes of the wall of the small intestine of white rats with STD are characterized by the prevalence of dystrophic and atrophic processes, the picture of chronic inflammation is predominant in СEC animals, whereas the modeling of СEC against the background of STD indicates a combination of dystrophic and atrophic changes and enteritis.