THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTAL SYNDROME IN RATS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE COMBINED EFFECT OF OBESITY AND STRESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2023.i1.13460Keywords:
obesity, stress, periodontal tissues, oxidative stress, fucose, glycosaminoglycans, proteasesAbstract
Introduction. Noncommunicable diseases “diseases of civilization” are responsible for more than 71 % of all deaths in the world. More than 1.9 billion adults are overweight, of whom 650 million are obese. One of the most important factors is that obesity causes stress and stress causes obesity, a so-called vicious cycle. Taking into account the current literature data, the mechanisms of the occurrence of lesions of the oral cavity in obesity and the general adaptation syndrome have not been studied enough, which requires a detailed study of the mechanisms of their development for the correct tactics of prevention. and treatment.
The aim of the study − to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms of the development of periodontal syndrome in animals with the development of isolated and combined effects of obesity induced by neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate and chronic stress.
Research Methods. Experimental studies were performed on 51 white rats of both sexes, in which glutamate-induced obesity was modeled by postnatal subcutaneous injection of sodium glutamate to newborn rats and chronic stress according to G. Selye by immobilization of animals on their backs for 5 hours during the last week of an hour after immobilization stress under thiopental anesthesia by bloodletting. Within 4 months the animals were in the usual diet of the vivarium. Weight, BMI, and Lee's index were monitored throughout the experiment. The objects of the study were soft periodontal tissues of rats in the homogenate of which the total proteolytic activity, total antitriptic activity, the content of TBA-active products, the content of oxidatively modified proteins and catalase activity, the content of free fucose and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were determined.
Results and Discussion. We have established a significant increase in the content of free fucose and GAG in the periodontal tissues of animals with combined obesity and chronic stress in comparison with rats and animals that were modeled with isolated exposures. The development of carbonyl-oxidative stress is most pronounced in the periodontal tissues of rats when modeling the stress syndrome on the background of obesity compared with animals with isolated obesity and chronic stress.
Conclusions. The combination of obesity and chronic stress contributes to a more pronounced destruction of the supporting tissues of the tooth, as evidenced by the probable increase in the content of free fucose and GAG in periodontal tissues in this group of animals compared to control and isolated exposures. Carbonyl-oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in periodontal tissues are maximally expressed in animals that were modeled with chronic stress on the background of obesity compared to isolated exposures.
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