STUDY OF ENERGY PROCESS ACTIVITY IN RATS UNDER TOBACCO-NITRITE INTOXICATION AFTER CARBOLINE APPLICATION

Abstract

Introduction. A significant role in the development of pathology is played by bad habits – smoking, abuse of alcohol and drugs. A significant ecological and medico-biological problem is the combined effect of inorganic nitro compounds on the human and animal b, accompanied by cases of nitrate-nitrite intoxication. A pathological process can arise as a result of the summation of environmental risk factors in which all organs and tissues are involved. This indicates the advisability of studying the mechanisms of the combined action of nitrites and tobacco smoke on the body.

The aim of the study – to analyze the activity of energy supply processes in rats with tobacco-nitrite intoxication and to learn the effectiveness of the use of the enterosorbent carboline in this pathology.

Research Methods. The studies were carried out on male white rats, which were divided into three age groups: immature, mature and old rats. The tobacco smoke generated from the combustion of 6 cigarettes containing 0.6 mg of nicotine and 8 mg of tar through the holes in the sealed chamber was fed into it, where 6 animals were simultaneously kept for 6 minutes. Animals received sodium nitrite once intragastrically at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. The animals were removed from the experiment on day 45 of tobacco intoxication (and after 24 and 72 hours of sodium nitrite poisoning) by euthanasia under thiopental anesthesia. In blood neutrophils, the content of active forms of oxygen was determined, in the blood – met- and carboxyhemoglobin, in the lungs and heart – succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity. All experiments were carried out in accordance with the provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals.

Results and Discussion. It was found that on day 45 of nitrite-tobacco toxicosis in the blood of rats, the content of active forms of oxygen, meth- and carboxyhemoglobin probably increased. The most pronounced changes were observed in the blood of immature animals. By the end of the study, succinate dehydrogenase activity in the lungs of immature rats decreased 2.1 times, in mature rats – 1.9 times, and in old rats – 1.7 times relative to the control level. The most pronounced changes in the activity of these enzymes were noted in the myocardium of old rats. The use of carboline led to a likely increase in succinate dehydrogenase activity in the lungs of animals of all research groups, in the myocardium there was a tendency to an increase in this indicator. In immature and old rats, cytochrome oxidase activity in the lungs decreased by 60 % after injury, in mature rats by 50 %. The myocardium of old rats turned out to be more sensitive in relation to this indicator. The use of carboline led to a partial resumption of the activity of energy supply enzymes.

Conclusions. In the blood of immature rats under conditions of nitrite-tobacco toxicosis, the most pronounced increase in the content of active forms of oxygen was noted, which decreased after the use of the enterosorbent carboline. Carboline caused a likely decrease in blood methemoglobin in rats of all ages. In the study of the content of carboxyhemoglobin after the application of the sorbent, a tendency to its decrease was observed. In the myocardium and lungs of rats affected by toxicants, a probable decrease in the activity of energy enzymes was noted, which was probable in immature and old animals. The use of carboline led to a slight increase in succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity both in the lungs and in the myocardium of rats of all ages.