ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF NATURAL FLAVONOIDS: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2026.3.16475Keywords:
natural flavonoids, antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, molecular mechanisms, bioavailability, clinical applicationAbstract
The aim of the work is to systematize and summarize current scientific data on the antioxidant potential of natural flavonoids, including the analysis of their chemical structure, molecular mechanisms of action, and influence on cellular signaling pathways involved in the response to oxidative stress, as well as to evaluate their clinical significance and prospects for use in the prevention and therapy of oxidative stress-related diseases.
Materials and Methods. The information and analytical basis of the study was formed through a systematic search of scientific publications published in Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google Scholar from 2016 to 2026, with priority given to studies published within the last five years. The analysis included full-text original research devoted to the study of antioxidant properties of natural flavonoids, their molecular mechanisms of action, effects on oxidative stress markers, and potential clinical applications in various pathological conditions. Data synthesis was performed using systematic comparative and content analysis methods.
Results and Discussion. Natural flavonoids represent a broad class of plant-derived polyphenolic compounds that exhibit significant antioxidant activity and play a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Their ability to directly neutralize free radicals, inhibit lipid peroxidation, chelate catalytic metal ions, and modulate signaling pathways regulating cellular stress responses makes them promising agents for the prevention and therapy of oxidative stress-related pathologies. This article systematizes current data on the chemical classification of flavonoids, molecular mechanisms underlying their antioxidant activity, as well as their bioavailability and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Particular attention is paid to the potential clinical application of flavonoids in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular, oncological, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases, along with their integration into pharmacological and nutraceutical strategies. The prospects for further research aimed at optimizing the therapeutic potential of these compounds and determining effective doses and delivery forms for clinical use are also emphasized.
Conclusions. Key prospects and future research areas related to the antioxidant potential of natural flavonoids have been formulated, including the need to enhance their bioavailability, standardize approaches to efficacy assessment, and implement modern pharmaceutical technologies for the development of dosage forms. This review provides a scientific basis for the further development of flavonoid-containing pharmacological and nutraceutical products and their integration into contemporary strategies for the prevention and therapy of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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