COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS AND MEAL OF DIFFERENT RAPESEED VARIETIES (BRASSICA NAPUS L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2026.3.16615Keywords:
rapeseed, seeds, meal, macroelements, microelements, AES, mineral composition, ultra-trace elementsAbstract
The study aimed to determine the accumulation levels of macro-, micro-, and ultra-trace elements in different rapeseed cultivars’ seeds, and to establish the transfer coefficients of these elements into the meal.
Materials and methods. The seeds and meal of six rapeseed cultivars (Smaragd, Halytskyi, Cheremosh, Svieta, Tysmenytskyi and Darunok), which were harvested in 2023–2024, were investigated. The content of macroelements (K, Ca, Mg, P, Na) and micro- and ultra-trace elements (Fe, Si, Al, Mn, Pb, Ni, Mo, Cu, Zn, Sr, etc.) was determined by atomic emission spectrometry (AES). The transfer coefficient of elements into the meal was also calculated in order to assess the degree of concentration of physiologically significant macro- and microelements during seed processing. This would allow the prospects of using the meal as a potential raw material for obtaining mineral-enriched extracts, dietary supplements, or auxiliary pharmaceutical agents to be ascertained.
Results and discussion. The highest concentrations of the elements were found in the seeds of all cultivars for K (1050–1560 mg/100 g), Ca (260–440 mg/100 g), Mg (155–220 mg/100 g), and P (170–440 mg/100 g). For the majority of macro- and microelements, the transfer coefficient (Kt) exceeded 1, indicating their concentration in the meal as a result of oil removal. However, Zn was the exception, as evidenced by a decrease in meal content in the 2023 harvest (Kt = 0.76), and a marked increase in content in 2024 (Kt = 3.96). The Pb content in all samples was found to be below the method’s detection limit. The results obtained in this study characterise the mineral composition of rapeseed and its processed products. This provides a foundation for the subsequent evaluation of their nutritional and pharmaceutical value.
Conclusions. The mineral composition of rapeseed and its meal is contingent on the cultivar and the environmental conditions of the growing season. However, the technological processing of seeds into meal facilitates the concentration of most determined elements. These findings elucidate the mineral profile of rapeseed and its meal, and can be utilised for the further assessment of their nutritional, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical potential.
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