Climate change as a multifactorial determinant of infectious and somatic pathology: mechanisms, pandemic risks, antimicrobial resistance, and educational priorities for medical universities

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2026.3.16498

Keywords:

climate change, infectious diseases, vector-borne infections, zoonoses, pandemics, antimicrobial resistance, One Health, GCCHE, ENCHE, medical education

Abstract

Climate change represents one of the most systemic threats to global public health, simultaneously affecting somatic pathology and the epidemiology of infectious diseases. The aim of this review is to synthesise current evidence on the mechanisms of climate-driven human health impairment, risks of epidemic and pandemic emergence, spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and to substantiate the necessity of integrating climate medicine into medical university curricula. The review is based on materials from Session 16 of the updated programme «Climate Medicine: A Clinical Training Program for Healthcare Educators» (12 May 2026), organised by GCCHE (Columbia University) in partnership with the European Network on Climate and Health Education (ENCHE, 25 founding universities including KU Leuven), and a targeted literature search in PubMed, Scopus and WHO/IPCC databases (2015–2026). Global warming is shown to expand vector ranges, prolong transmission seasons, facilitate zoonotic spillover and – through permafrost thaw – reactivate ancient microorganisms. The climate-driven burden on cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine and mental health is characterised. Rising temperatures accelerate horizontal resistance gene transfer while climate disasters promote irrational antibiotic use. The One Health framework is identified as the most effective organisational response. The formal establishment of ENCHE in March 2026 marks a transition from climate medicine as a niche discipline to an institutional standard across European medical education. Mandatory integration of climate medicine into all clinical curricula is concluded to be an urgent strategic imperative for medical universities in Ukraine.

Author Biography

  • Roman Grytsko, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University

    DSc (Public Administration), Honored Professor of the European Professional Doctorate, Candidate of Medical Sciences (PhD), Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases

References

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Published

2026-09-30

Issue

Section

Reviews and lectures

How to Cite

Climate change as a multifactorial determinant of infectious and somatic pathology: mechanisms, pandemic risks, antimicrobial resistance, and educational priorities for medical universities. (2026). Infectious Diseases – Infektsiyni Khvoroby, 3, 33-38. https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2026.3.16498