HIV-INFECTION AND AGING: NEW PROBLEM IN THE ERA OF EFFECTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2019.3.10629Keywords:
HIV-infection, ageing, chronic inflammation, cardiovascular disease, frailty, cancer, osteoporosis, neurocognitive impairmentAbstract
The proportion of elderly HIV-infected patients has greatly increased in the world, when effective antiretroviral therapy became available. Today, 27 % of HIV-infected patients in Western Europe and USA are 50 and older. In Ukraine, the number and percentage of these patients is also gradually increasing. Antiretroviral therapy has dramatic reduction in opportunistic infection incidence and allow people to live longer with HIV. A persistent immune activation and chronic inflammation that typically characterizes immunological ageing is an essential contributor to several comorbidities in the setting of HIV infection. Biological processes that correlate with aging occur earlier in the adult HIV infected patients. Important comorbidities that increase with age (metabolic syndrome, neurocognitive disorders, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, frailty and cancers) are more prevalent in HIV-infected persons than in HIV-uninfected persons. This review will discuss the role of immune activation and chronic inflammation on the most important age-related illnesses in HIV infected patients.
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