VITAMIN D LEVELS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH A NORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS AND IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2026.1.16381Keywords:
vitamin D, pregnancy, coronavirus diseaseAbstract
The aim of the study – to determine vitamin D levels in pregnant women with a normal physiological course and patients with SARS-CoV-2.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 60 pregnant women (group I), who were registered in the women’s clinic of the city perinatal center of the Ternopil Municipal City Hospital No. 2 from 2018 to 2019 without severe comorbidities and did not take vitamin D in the form of dietary supplements 3 months before the onset of pregnancy and during this pregnancy, and 60 pregnant women (group II) with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by PCR during pregnancy, who were inpatients at the Ternopil Municipal City Hospital No. 2 from November 2020 to January 2022.
Results and Discussion. According to the results of our study, the body mass index of women in the control group was (23.1±2.10) kg/m2. In the first study group, the BMI was (23.6±0.91) kg/m2, which did not significantly differ from the average indicators of healthy pregnant women (P>0.05). In the second group, the body mass index was slightly higher than in the control and in the first group, but without statistical difference. Among 60 pregnant women in group I, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were found in 67 % of the examined pregnant women. The optimal level of vitamin D is observed in only 33 % of pregnant women. Among pregnant women in group II, the percentage of pregnant women with optimal levels of vitamin D was only 12 % of patients, which is 2.75 times less than in the first group (P<0.05). The average value of 25(OH)D in the third trimester of pregnancy in the control group was (23.1±2.10) ng/ml. Insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D (25(OH)D<30 ng/ml) were observed in 73 % of pregnant women, while the constant nature of vitamin D deficiency was noted in 55 % of the examined group I. In pregnant women of group II, insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D (25(OH)D) was observed in 92 %. Insulin resistance was determined in 48 % of pregnant women in the third trimester.
Conclusions. Therefore, to prevent such complications of pregnancy as insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, anemia of pregnancy, miscarriage, and severe course of viral diseases, a high level of vitamin D is necessary. Therefore, screening examinations of vitamin D levels in preparation for pregnancy and during pregnancy registration with appropriate correction of detected disorders are a promising method of preventing complicated pregnancy.
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