IMPACT OF HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY ON PLACENTAL FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2026.1.16367Keywords:
immunogram, placenta, hyperbaric oxygenation, HLA-G, miscarriageAbstract
The aim of the study – to determine alterations in immunological parameters in placental insufficiency and to assess the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygenation courses as part of complex therapy aimed at correcting placental protective function.
Materials and Methods. The study included 105 pregnant women at 16–22 weeks of gestation, divided into three groups: 40 with uncomplicated pregnancy, 35 with placental insufficiency receiving standard therapy, and 30 with placental insufficiency additionally treated with hyperbaric oxygenation. Immunological parameters were assessed in all participants.
Results and Discussion. Total lymphocyte and T-helper counts were reduced compared to physiological pregnancy, whereas CD8+ and NK cells were elevated. CD72+ levels did not differ significantly but showed an increasing trend. B lymphocytes and hematocrit were higher in placental pathology, while HLA-G concentration in peripheral blood was reduced versus controls. After treatment, the total number of T lymphocytes increased more significantly in group IIb. In groups IIa and IIb, CD4+ lymphocyte levels increased from (41.33±0.15) to (42.9±0.13) % and from (39.91±0.14) to (43.50±0.13) %, respectively (p<0.05). The proportion of CD8+ decreased more markedly with hyperbaric oxygenation: from (31.72±2.33) to (22.33±1.51) % (p<0.05). CD16+ lymphocytes also decreased, especially in group IIb, to (12.91±1.13) % (p<0.05). Active B lymphocytes declined to (7.00±0.41) % (p<0.05), while changes in mature B cells were not statistically significant. Hematocrit decreased in both groups, more substantially after oxygen therapy. An increase in serum HLA-G was observed: after standard therapy – from (0.026±0.004) to (0.089±0.011) mg/ml, and after oxygen therapy – from (0.029±0.005) to (0.091±0.009) mg/ml (p<0.05). These findings confirm the higher effectiveness of complex therapy including hyperbaric oxygenation.
Conclusions. Immunogram parameters may be used as an additional marker in the diagnosis of placental insufficiency. Incorporating oxygen therapy courses into complex treatment improves the correction of placental protective function.
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