FEATURES OF THE CONDITION OF NEWBORNS FROM PREGNANT WOMEN WITH POST-COVID SYNDROME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2024.2.15063Keywords:
post-covid syndrome, gestation, fetus, fetal growth retardation syndrome, spontaneous preterm birth, premature rupture of the amniotic membraneAbstract
The aim of the study was to study the impact of post-covid syndrome on the course of pregnancy and the condition of the newborn.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 60 pregnant women (main group) with SARS-CoV-2 transmission, positive Ig A, M or G to SARS-CoV-2 at 30-34 weeks of gestation from November 2020 to January 2022. The control group consisted of 30 women with physiological pregnancy. We investigated the frequency of detected complications during pregnancy and the features of the course of pregnancy with associated pathology. The condition of the fetus was assessed according to ultrasound data of the pregnant woman, determination of the biophysical profile and Doppler results.
Results and Discussion. Among all the complications observed in women with acute respiratory disease during pregnancy, the following were observed: premature birth – 5 cases (8.8 %), oligohydramnios – 2 cases (3.5 %), exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis – 2 cases (3.5 %), acute pyelonephritis first detected during pregnancy – 1 case (1.7 %), polyhydramnios – 1 case (1.7 %), moderate preeclampsia – 1 case (1.7 %), severe preeclampsia – 1 case (1.7 %), premature detachment of a normally located placenta – 1 case (1.7 %). Among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, 15 (26.3 %) women (OR=7.1; 95 % CI: 1.21–13.2; P<0.01) had severe fetoplacental blood flow abnormalities in the fetal umbilical artery (compared to the control group). Fetal growth retardation was diagnosed in 26 pregnant women (45.6 %) (OR = 20.4; 95 % CI: 2.56–16.3; P<0.01). Six pregnant women (10.5 %) (OR=1.5; 95 % CI: 1.01–3.12; P<0.01) had high-resistance blood flow without a diastolic component, indicating a threatening condition and fetal distress syndrome, detected by Doppler. The presence of pathological processes in the fetoplacental complex negatively affected the condition of the fetus, led to growth retardation, which led to an increased risk of perinatal mortality. According to ultrasound, 26 pregnant women were diagnosed with fetal growth retardation, which is 45.6 percent of all those examined in the main group, and 43 pregnant women (75.4 %) had certain pathological changes in the placenta.
Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that in children born to mothers with post-covid syndrome, an increase in the frequency of pathological course of the early neonatal period was recorded. COVID-19 during pregnancy was associated with increased maternal morbidity and neonatal complications. Fetal post-covid syndrome was observed, accompanied by growth retardation syndrome, distress, antenatal fetal death and increased thrombosis in the vessels of the placenta and umbilical cord.
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