Динаміка регуляторних маркерів кісткового ремоделювання за умов застосування остеопластичних матеріалів в експерименті
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2026.3.16623Ключові слова:
остеопластичні матеріали, RANKL, остеопротегерин, склеростин, ремоделювання кісткової тканини, репаративний остеогенезАнотація
Molecular regulation of the balance between bone resorption and formation is primarily mediated by the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway and the Wnt-mediated pathway, the key inhibitor of which is sclerostin. A comprehensive assessment of these regulatory markers allows elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the observed changes in bone resorption and formation during the application of osteoplastic materials. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of serum concentrations of RANKL, OPG and sclerostin, as well as the RANKL/OPG ratio, on days 5, 14, 30 and 60 of experimental femoral bone defect healing under the application of collagen-free, collagen-containing osteoplastic materials and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) compared with an untreated defect. The study was performed on 170 Wistar rats. Serum RANKL and OPG concentrations were determined by sandwich ELISA (Thermo Fisher Scientific); sclerostin was measured by ELISA using commercial kits. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 10.0 (StatSoft). In the untreated defect group on day 5, RANKL exceeded the control level by 163.6 %, OPG decreased by 28.5 %, and sclerostin increased by 100.4 %. In the DBM group, a pro-osteogenic profile was already evident from day 5, with OPG exceeding the control by 25.6 %, and from day 14 RANKL fell below the control level. The RANKL/OPG ratio in the DBM group remained below the control throughout the observation period. A gradient of regulatory efficacy of the materials was identified (DBM > collagen-containing implant > collagen-free implant > untreated defect), which is consistent with the data on resorption and formation markers and confirms the realization of the osteoreparative effect through modulation of the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway and suppression of sclerostin-mediated blockade of Wnt signaling. The obtained results substantiate the preferential use of demineralized bone matrix for accelerating reparative osteogenesis at the molecular regulatory level.
Посилання
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